Hospital Harm - Acute Kidney Injury

Identifying Attributes

Care Settings
Hospital Care
Country
United States of America
Publishing Organisation
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS): Eligible Hospital / Critical Access Hospital eCQMs
Type of Quality Indicator
Outcome
IOM Quality Dimension
Safety
Domain
Complications and Adverse Events

Defining Attributes

Definition

The measure assesses the number of inpatient hospitalisations for patients age 18 and older who have an acute kidney injury (stage 2 or greater) that occurred during the encounter.

Numerator

Inpatient hospitalisations for patients who develop AKI (stage 2 or greater) during the encounter, as evidenced by: (1) A subsequent increase in serum creatinine value at least 2 times higher than the lowest serum creatinine value, and the increased value is greater than the highest sex-specific normal value for serum creatinine, OR (2) Kidney dialysis (CRRT, haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis) initiated more than 48 hours after the start of the encounter. Evidence of a 2 times increase in serum creatinine is not required.

Denominator

Inpatient hospitalisations that end during the measurement period for patients 18 years of age or older without an obstetrical or pregnancy related condition, with a length of stay of 48 hours or longer, and who had at least one serum creatinine value after 48 hours from the start of the hospitalisation.

Exclusions

• Inpatient hospitalisations for patients with an increase in serum creatinine value of at least 0.3 mg/dL between the index serum creatinine and a subsequent serum creatinine taken within 48 hours of the encounter start. • Inpatient hospitalisations for patients with the index eGFR value of <60 mL/min within 48 hours of the encounter start. Inpatient hospitalisations for patients who have less than two serum creatinine results within the first 48 hours of the encounter start. • Inpatient hospitalisations for patients who have kidney dialysis (CRRT, haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis) initiated 48 hours or less after the encounter start, and who do not have evidence of a 2 times increase in serum creatinine. • Inpatient hospitalisations for patients with at least one specified diagnosis present on admission or procedure that starts during the encounter that puts them at extremely high risk for AKI.

Use of Risk Adjustment
Yes
Risk Adjustments

Age, sex, first vital signs that since the encounter start (heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, temperature), eGFR, encounter length of stay.

Stratifications

None

Collection and Reporting Attributes

Type of Data Collection
Electronic/paper chart records
Data Collection Methods
Frequency of Data Collection
Frequency of Data Collection in Days
Reporting Methods
Reporting Frequency
Annually
Reporting Frequency in Days
365
Indicator Has Recommended Targets
No

Source and Reference Attributes

Link to Measurement Tools
Quality Indicator Confirmed to be Part of a Program Used to Monitor Quality and Safety of Care Among Older People at a Population-Level between 2012-2022
Yes
Assessed by the Australian Consortium for Aged Care Collaborators as Generally Containing Good Properties (Importance and Scientific Acceptability)
No
Australian Consortium for Aged Care Endorsed
No
Identified by PHARMA-Care Project
No
Upload Date
02 December 2025